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Distinguished Flying Cross (United Kingdom)
The Distinguished Flying Cross is the third-level military decoration awarded to personnel of the United Kingdom's Royal Air Force and other services, and formerly to officers of other Commonwealth countries, instituted for "an act or acts of valour, courage or devotion to duty whilst flying in active operations against the enemy".
==History==
The award was established on 3 June 1918, shortly after the formation of the RAF. It was originally awarded to Royal Air Force commissioned and warrant officers. During World War II it was awarded to Royal Artillery officers serving on attachment to the RAF as pilots-cum-artillery observers. Since World War II, the award has been open to army and naval aviation officers, and since 1993 to other ranks; the Distinguished Flying Medal, awarded to other ranks, has been discontinued. Recipients of the Distinguished Flying Cross are entitled to use the post-nominal letters "DFC". A bar is added to the ribbon for holders of the DFC who received a second award.
During World War I, approximately 1,100 DFCs were awarded, with 70 first bars and 3 second bars. During World War II, 20,354 DFCs were awarded, the most of any award, with approximately 1,550 first bars and 45 second bars. Honorary awards were made on 964 occasions to aircrew from other non-Commonwealth countries.
In 2008 Flight Lieutenant Michelle Goodman became the first woman to receive the DFC.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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